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The estimated 19 million Americans living with chronic kidney disease face a high risk of death from cardiovascular disease. Now researchers have demonstrated that high blood phosphate directly stimulates calcification of blood vessels and that phosphate-binding drugs can decrease vascular calcification. That means drugs that reduce phosphate levels could help protect CKD patients from cardiovascular disease.

Scientists have uncovered details about the mechanisms through which dietary restriction slows the aging process. Working in yeast cells, they have linked ribosomes, the protein-making factories in living cells, and Gcn4, a specialized protein that aids in the expression of genetic information, to the pathways related to dietary response and aging.

Cataracts, which can have devastating effects on the eye, affect 42 percent of the population between the ages of 70 and 80, and 68 percent of the population over the age of 80, according to the National Eye Institute. Now, a professor has identified an important step in how cataracts form. This discovery could lead to a better treatment or cure for cataracts in the future.

Researchers are conducting trials to evaluate a method to prevent allergic reactions to food. They are feeding allergic people increasing doses of egg and peanut protein to see if they can induce the participants' immune systems to tolerate the food.

In a discovery that may be useful for maintaining remission in chemo-resistant ovarian cancer, Yale scientists report that pre-clinical studies have shown the drug compound NV-128 can induce the death of ovarian cancer cells by halting the activation of a protein pathway called mTOR.

Scientists have, for the first time, convincingly demonstrated a genomic locus linked to migraine susceptibility in two diverse populations. Migraine is the most common cause of episodic headache, and by far the most common neurological cause of a doctor's visit. It affects some 15% of the population, including some 41 million people in Europe, and places a considerable burden on healthcare in both the developed and the developing world.

When too many blood platelets stick together in the bloodstream, they form dangerous clots that can clog blood vessels and cause a heart attack. If a clot doesn't get dissolved or rapidly removed, it can cause permanent damage or even death. But new research suggests that it should be possible to create a clot-busting pill that targets a receptor on the blood cells' surface, something that high-risk patients could take at the first sign of chest pain.

Babies with an eye-alignment disorder called infantile esotropia have delays in motor development milestones, but development "catches up" after corrective surgery. Infants tested after esotropia surgery had no delays in developmental milestones.

Hormone therapy may have different effects on blood vessels if it is started early in menopause as opposed to later, researchers suggest.

A revolutionary cancer treatment using microscopic magnets to enable 'armed' human cells to target tumors has been developed. Research in Gene Therapy shows that inserting these nanomagnets into cells carrying genes to fight tumors, results in many more cells successfully reaching and invading malignant tumors.