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Neuroscientists continue to debate whether or not long-term memory always depends on a region of the brain called the medial temporal lobe, which contains the brain's memory-processing center, the hippocampus. A new study of brain-damaged patients readdresses the issue using a new method to elicit more detailed long-term memories.

Positron emission tomography was much more sensitive and more accurate than conventional imaging methods in detecting response to treatment in sarcoma patients, according to a new study.

An antiretroviral drug already in widespread use in the developing world to prevent the transmission of HIV from infected mothers to their newborns during childbirth has also been found to substantially cut the risk of subsequent HIV transmission during breast-feeding. This is the first solid evidence that viral transmission through breast milk can be prevented by a drug.

Preschool children exposed to both the World Trade Center attacks and another traumatic event were more likely to experience behavioral problems than children exposed only to one event or to none, according to a new report.

Researchers analyzed specific properties of the human genes and proteins that serve as targets for nearly a thousand FDA-approved drugs. They identified common characteristics of successful drug targets, especially those of high-revenue drugs. This data could speed up the process and cut down the cost of new drug development.

New research suggests that two recently discovered genes are critically important for controlling cell survival during embryonic development. The genes, called E2F7 and E2F8, are members of a family of genes that play a fundamental role in development. Members of this family are also involved in cancers of the breast, bladder, stomach and colon. This animal study showed that complete loss of the two genes causes massive cell death and is lethal in developing embryos.

What Willy Wonka did for chocolate, UCLA microbiologist Wenyuan Shi is doing for lollipops. Because of Shi, thousands of orange-flavored lollipops are rolling out of a factory in Grand Rapids, Mich., into the hands of people eager to lick them for one reason only. Shi and his lab team at the School of Dentistry have managed to make candy that's actually good for your teeth. The orange-flavored, sugar-free lollipop they devised is infused with a natural ingredient found in licorice that kills the primary bacterium causing tooth decay, Streptococcus mutans.

Only about 6 percent of former alcoholics and 4 percent of former illicit drug users will relapse into their addictions in any given year following an organ transplant. Substance abuse can lead to serious organ diseases for which transplantation is increasingly considered an acceptable treatment.

An innovative research approach has identified a previously unsuspected protein as a key player in the resistance to particular forms of breast cancer therapy. The study significantly advances the understanding of the molecular response to breast cancer therapies that target estrogen signaling.

There's new hope for breast cancer research, and it's coming from a very unlikely place. Researchers at the Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences recently published articles in the journals Molecular and Cellular Biology and Carcinogenesis indicating that a protein long suspected to play a role in Down Syndrome may also contribute to treating this devastating disease.